Popular Indian Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Well known Indian Religion - Essay Example Interpretation of a portion remembered for this Vedic writing â€Å"ã‚pastamba's Yagã ±a-Paribhã ¢shã ¢-Sã »tras† was directed by F. Max Muller which was connected with the ‘General Rules of the Sacrifice’. ‘Yagà ±a’ or penance in Sutra I of this writing is expressed as a demonstration to offer or rather to give up, for example ‘pruputti’ of a living or a non-living article to the God (Muller, 2004). ‘Yagà ±a’ is made to the God or Goddess with the desire to accomplish a prize as far as favors. These prizes have frequently been named to be connected with the ‘path to heaven’, flourishing or ‘samridhi’ and outright illumination or ‘samyak-sambodhi’. The Sutras in â€Å"ã‚pastamba's Yagã ±a-Paribhã ¢shã ¢-Sã »tras† uncover an assortment of ceremonies to perform penance so as to fulfill the venerated God or Goddess. Ceremonies and articles for the ‘Yagà ±a’ contrast as per the God or Goddess and correspondingly the procedure likewise fluctuates for each situation. In the customary craft of Hinduism, the ceremonies of penance likewise contrasted based on the rank framework, for example Brã ¢hmana, Kshatriya, Vaishya and Sudra (Oldenberg, 1892). ... The significance of penance and the raison d'etre of the ceremonial has likewise been unequivocally characterized in all the four primary Vedas of Hindu Shastra, for example Apparatus, Yajur, Sama, and Atharva Vedas (Oldenberg, 1892). It is in this setting the Sutras referenced in the writing had a noteworthy impact on the general public during the customary period where Brahmanas and Kshatriyas were named to be the higher positions having the rights to play out each sort of penance and in this manner were alluded to be better associated with the profound world in contrast with Vaisyas and Sudras. Comparable to the impacts of the ceremonies referenced in the sutras on the Hindu society and from a moral perspective it is very obvious that â€Å"Apastamba's Yagna-Paribhasha-Sutras† assumed a vital job in presenting various leveled position frameworks in the then Hindu society. On the comparative setting, in the â€Å"Grihya Sutras† of Gabhila in Kandika 5, it has been exp ressed that an admirer ought to try and penance a ‘black-cow’ or a ‘white-cow’ so as to satisfy God and in this manner blockade the damages caused due to Asvattha, Palaksha, Nyagrodha, and Udumbara to the house. Quite, these are named to be the most loved trees of Surya, Yama, Varuna, and Pragapati (Muller, 2004). The inquiry that emerges in this setting identifies with the issue where on one hand the religion will in general term bovine as a holy creature and also educates to show leniency toward each living animal on earth regarding them as the favors and manifestations of God himself, the customs of the equivalent requests to forfeit a creature. Concerning these issues, adherents of different religions, for example, Budhists, Jains and Ajivikas have commented the custom of penance to be an image of ‘ascetic practices’.

Wildlife Management In Africa Essays - Wildlife Smuggling

Untamed life Management In Africa Untamed life Management in Africa In the previous three decades, a significant number of Africas wild creatures have endured a gigantic decrease in populace because of poaching. Africa is the world's second biggest mainland and home to a large number of types of creatures. Not at all like in North America, the greater part of these creatures meander totally free in an absolutely lacking condition. In endeavor to spare these creatures from conceivable eradication, hostile to poaching laws have been instituted by governments all through Africa, just as a global restriction on ivory exchange. Hostile to poaching guidelines have thusly stemmed the development of projects and approaches for the administration of Africas natural life. Poaching: Background Poaching, the unlawful slaughtering of ensured creatures, happens in Africa for an assortment of reasons. The most beneficial explanation is the ivory exchange. Many elephants and Rhinos are butchered each year for their ivory tusks, which guarantee a sizeable benefit on the underground market. Numerous trackers likewise poach for its game, the adventure of the chase. Huge numbers of the nation's local people groups, be that as it may, poach creatures as a way to remain alive. Since the untamed life of Africa meanders so free, numerous individuals and harvests are harmed and pulverized each year and locals poach the creatures for self-protection. Money related concerns additionally drive numerous locals to poaching, seeing as the greater part of Africa is as yet viewed as third world and an elephant tusk can mean the contrast between starving to death and a prosperous year (Messer, 50). Poaching additionally effectsly affects the earth, and on the economy. Governments in Africa and a round the globe have attempted to authorize severe enemy of poaching laws, and furthermore direct the ivory exchange, as of not long ago be that as it may, the two endeavors have been futile. Previously, government forced enemy of poaching laws changed creatures, for example, elephants and rhinos into a non-asset. They forced laws that forbad the slaughtering of these creatures, however offered no option for those whose vocation originated from the creatures (Butler, Mar1995; 40). The projects that were executed were implementation programs: numerous with a strategy of shoot to murder (poachers). For instance, in 1984, Zimbabwe executed Operation Stronghold, whose principle strategy was to shoot poachers on location. Kenya has comparative strategies in their game parks, in counter to the poachers poaching park officers (Hogan, 13). This endeavor to make sure about creature populaces has regularly removed the human populace in the prompt zone from an important wellspring of both pay and food. Natural life and Rural Inhabitants Numerous country networks rely upon cultivating as work. Just 5 percent of the land in Africa is viewed as reasonable for serious agribusiness, which along these lines makes cultivating troublesome (Child, 1997). Wild animals, particularly elephants, make it considerably increasingly hard to eek out a living on the African scene since they like to eat the yields, destroying the ranchers pay. So as to maintain a strategic distance from or diminish harm from elephants, ranchers have attempted different methodologies to hinder them. Particularly during the gather season, ranchers consume a lot of work endeavoring to watch their fields from elephants. Various techniques, for example, lighting shoot, pounding drums, and in any event, discharging weapons into the air are attempted. Be that as it may, ranchers clarify that elephants, with their extraordinary knowledge, rapidly discover that they won't be hurt by these strategies and frequently come back to eat the yields (Butler, Mar1995; 4 0). Increasingly current strategies, for example, electric fencing and outing alerts have likewise been tried. In spite of the significant expense of these obstructions, elephants have figured out how to thwart them also. Another strategy that has been utilized with some achievement in Zimbabwe is the terminating of nerve gas canisters loaded up with stew pepper (Butler, Mar1995; 40). Up until now, no strategy has had the option to totally discourage the elephant beside murdering it. It ought to be noticed that elephants don't obliterate harvests exclusively by eating them, yet can likewise cause impressive harm by stomping on crops while in travel. On the opposite side, cultivating and farming have dramatically affected Africas natural life. Somewhere in the range of 90 percent of the herbivore biomass is presently local domesticated animals (Child, 1997). Land that was once open range for elephants and rhinos is currently utilized for horticulture and domesticated animals. Notwithstanding poaching, these elements put extraordinary strain on creature populaces. Farmers regularly build wall to

5 Tips for Paying Off a Cash Advance

5 Tips for Paying Off a Cash Advance 5 Tips for Paying Off a Cash Advance 5 Tips for Paying Off a Cash AdvanceIf youre not careful, taking out a cash advance to bridge a short-term financial gap could leave you in a long-term financial bind.One of the biggest selling points for cash advances is their simplicity: You borrow a couple  hundred bucks, and a few weeks later you pay it back plus interest. That’s it!Actually, no. That’s not it. If you’re not careful, that cash advance could land you in an ever deeper financial hole than the one you started inâ€"even if you pay it off on time. Here’s how cash advances work.Are you familiar with payday loans? Because cash advances and payday loans are basically the same things. They are the “flammable” and “inflammable” of the short-term lending world.Payday cash advances are short-term, small-dollar no credit check loans that are intended to help tide borrowers over until the next paycheck. Well, at least that’s how they’re supposed to work. The truth is a little more complicated.These types of bad credit loans usually come with an average loan amount of only a few hundred dollarsâ€"although the total amount you can borrow will vary depending on what state you live in. They also charge interest as a flat fee, with an average interest charge of 15 percent.The enticing thing about a cash advance loan is that it lets you get out of debt quicklyâ€"but that doesn’t mean that paying one off is easy. In fact, taking out a cash advance loan could easily land you in debt for hundreds of days instead of a mere dozen.1. Plan ahead.Unlike installment loans, which are paid off in a series of regular payments over time, cash advance loans are repaid in a single lump sum, often only a few weeks after the loan is issued. Payment is usually made via a post-dated check or an automatic debit agreement.Given all this, it might seem like repayment is something you don’t have to worry about. But that’s not the case. If you don’t plan ahead, that payment could end up landing you in a pr edatory cycle of debt. (More on that later.)Your payment for this cash advance loan shouldn’t be a “set it and forget it” kind of thing. Look at your monthly budget and make sure that you not only have the money in your account to cover the payment but that you’ll also have enough money in your account afterward to cover the rest of your bills.If you’ve already taken out the loan but find that your payment will blow yet another hole in your budget, then see where you can cut back in order to patch it up. The more on top of your finances you areâ€"even when dealing with a small-dollar cash advance loanâ€"the less likely you are to get burned.2. Save money.When you take out a cash advance, the due date is probably going to be set for your next payday. So you don’t have to worry, right? Those funds will just come out of your next paycheck and you’ll be good to go.Not so fast. It’s all too easy for this mindset to lead you  down a dangerous path that ends in the jaws of a predatory debt trap. With those lump sum repayments that withdraw hundreds of dollars from your account at once, you might find yourself facing another budget shortfall sooner rather than later.So instead, save whatever money you can in advance of your loan’s due date. The more money you can save, the bigger the financial cushion you’ll have once those funds are withdrawn from your account. That way, you wont need to take out a second cash advance loan to cover paying off your first one.3. Don’t pay lateâ€"or early.With any loan, making your payment on-time is a good rule to follow. Late payments mean extra fees and charges; and with many loans, it could end up negatively impacting your credit score.Even though most cash advance lenders don’t report payment informationâ€"meaning your score won’t be affectedâ€"an extra charge on top of the interest you already owe is the last thing you need.But here’s where cash advances are a little different: Paying them off early won ’t save you any money either.With standard personal loans and credit cards, interest is accrued slowly over time. The longer the loan or card is outstanding, the more interest the borrower owes; and the earlier that the borrower can pay it off, the more money they’ll save overall.Not so with cash advances. Since they charge interest as a flat fee, the amount you owe will be the same on the day the loan is issued as it will be on the day the loan is due. This means that paying off your cash advance loan ahead of schedule carries few financial benefitsâ€"if any.4. Don’t roll it over.One of the main reasons steps one and two on this list are important is because they’ll help you out with this step. Rolling over a cash advance loan is one of the best ways possible to end up trapped in an ongoing cycle of debt.Rolling over a cash advance is pretty simple: You have to pay a portion of what you oweâ€"oftentimes just the interest thats dueâ€"and in return, you get a brand new loan t erm. Instead of paying off the loan now, you can pay it off two weeks from now!But here’s the problem: That new loan term doesn’t just mean a new due date, it also means a new interest charge. This effectively doubles the cost of your loan in a single sitting. If you were paying $45 to borrow a $300 online loan, now you’re paying $90, without actually borrowing any additional money.As you might be able to tell, the interest rates for cash advance loans seem reasonable at first. But they add up fast. In fact, the annual percentage rate (APR) for a two-week cash advance with a 15 percent interest charge is a staggering 391 percent!If you get into the habit of rolling over your cash advance loans, you’re basically throwing money away. What’s worse, those regular payments you’re making to extend the due date are making it harder and harder to save up the money you need to pay the loan off altogether!That’s how a cycle of debt works. And it should come as no surprise that l oan rollover is actually banned in many states for exactly this reason.5. Build an emergency fund.Okay, this one is cheating slightly. Building up a well-stocked emergency fund won’t help you pay off a cash advance, but it will help you escape the need for any additional cash advances in the future.Unlike money that you have saved for retirement, an emergency fund is there to help you during, well, emergencies! It’s often kept in cash somewhere that you can easily access it.While many experts recommend having an emergency fund big enough to cover six month’s worth of expenses, that’s probably a long way down the line. If you’re just starting your first emergency fund, aim for $1,000. That should help cover many surprise bills or budget shortfalls you might encounter. Goodbye cash advance, hello financial stability!Think about your emergency fund like its your own personal lender. You get the money you need when times are tough, then you pay the money back when times are go od. The best part: You don’t have to pay any interest at all!To learn more about budgeting, saving money, and earning extra income, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:Building Your Financial Life: Budgeting for Beginners10 Good Money Habits to Make Your Friends Jealous8 Ways To Save Money Today, Tomorrow and Every Day AfterNeed Cash Fast? Try These 10 Great Side HustlesDo you have a personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |Instagram

The Life Of A Civil War Nurse - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1988 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/05/18 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Civil War Essay War Essay Did you like this example? Women nurses, though small, impacted the civil war greatly. The small quantity of women in the nursing role is solely a repercussion of the views society had on women. They were seen as working women viewed as objects of pity. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Life Of A Civil War Nurse" essay for you Create order Due to the domestic roles women filled in their homes they were seen as inadequate to serve in the medical field. At the beginning of The Civil War males were the only ones allowed to fill the nursing position. These men were recruited to serve as temporary nurses having no concrete medical training. Until an early nursing pioneer, Dorothea Lynde Dix endorsed nurses who were middle-aged females. Breaking the what once was the ideals of a womans place in society. Regardless of the views society had on women during The Civil War without their care for wounded servicemen the outcome of this four year war would be completely different. On April 1861, there was no organized medical corps let alone trained nurses for the United States. The term nurse was used very loosely during the war. An officers wife who accompanied her husband to the battlefield, or a mother who came to care for her wounded husband or son and stayed behind to care for others. At the time the term nurse carried no real weight behind it. As a result, when the war broke out, women volunteered with little to no experience.the only sort of healthcare they experienced was from a home setting, rather than in any hospital. Women from the catholic religious community had training that consist of apprenticeships with more experienced nursing sisters. However, when the Union army put out a newspaper ad looking for medical assistance. Women responded to this ad with quickness. Despite their lack of experience, they volunteered to care for the sick and wounded. Looking for away to put their knowledge to good use. Doctors in the Union Army did not agree with the acceptance of women nurses. They believed their were undisplined and amateur. These were not completely empty accusations due to women having minimal experience. Acceptance from medical officials was hard to come by for a woman nurse. Even after becoming proficient in their nursing skills women still were seen as incompetent. Any mistake made by a female nurse was magnified. Making it hard for women to do their jobs without being ridiculed daily bases. Jane Hoge, a leader in the Northwestern Sanitary Commissions, said the opposition of female nurses stemmed from the lack of organization among the physicians. She wroteThe system [of nurses] was an untried experiment, and was suspiciously watched and severely criticized. Unfortunate failures were magnified and widely circulated. The misguided zeal of s ome benevolent individuals thrust large numbers of women into hospitals, without organization or consultation with surgeons. As a consequence, they were summarily dismissed by the surgeons. By the end of the war, the untrained nurses who had volunteered to serve in the Union Army won the respect of the Army physicians as well as the soldiers they cared for. Amanda Akin Stearns a nurse during the war reportedly said: We pass up and down among these rough men without fear of the slightest word of disrespect. They feel their dependence upon us for comfort and entertainment, and the difference in the wards where there in no ?lady shows how much can be done for them The Union Army acquired all these nurses through the appointed Dorothea L Dix Superintendent of the Female Nurses of the Army. Dix had no prior knowledge of nursing, but her acquired organizational skills from her previous work with asylums and prisons allowed her to be seen as a force. Dix was determined to provide the necessary aid the military hospitals needed. Women who applied for her program had a standard to meet before being endorsed by Dix. The applicants were required to be older than thirty-five, plain-looking and have habits of neatness,order and sobriety. These requirements ruled out many women who yearned to be nurses. Resulting in women disobeying the requirements and working in the war without appointments. They received no government payment for their service during The Civil War. Physicians and volunteer nurses did not see eye to eye. Nurses actions were seen as impulsive and subordinate. Questioning the practices the doctors performed on patients. They were criticized for attending to the needs of their patients, disregarding doctors orders. Sometimes nurses would completely throw out prescription and use homemade treatments. Women were labeled as disruptive when they attempted to prevent amputations. Soon their actions were marked as independent, at times, seemed naive, saved thousands lives. The more experience the nurses acquired the more medical norms they established. Nurses had no set routine during the battles. There days started at 6 a.m and ended at 9 p.m. official duties included administering medicines and distributing prescriptions to injured and ill soldiers. Much of their time consist of nonmedical tasks, writing letters for the men in battle and attending to the hospital visitors. They spent a lot of time entertaining the patients, by singing and playing music. After major battles the demand for nurses sky rocked. On June 14, 1863, Amanda Akin wrote several entries to her sister back home as the soldiers flooded the hospital after fighting at Chancellorsville, Virginia. She wrote: It seemed to me this evening, as I sat at my table adding to the list of medicines writing down name, regiment, list of clothing, etc., of the new arrivals, calmly looking at the poor maimed sufferers carried by, some without limbs, on a ?stretcher that I had forgotten how to feel, it seemed as if I were entirely separated from the world I had left behind. Soldiers poured into Armory Square Hospital with no order. Nurses were to drop the task at hand and attend to the injured soldiers. These once untrained nurses were the ones who knew how to care for a hurting servicemen. These volunteers had become accustomed to the norm of seeing men with one arm or no legs. Working as a nurse had not yet been established prior to the civil war. The civil war revolutionized nursing and allowed women the opportunity to contribute to the war. The lack of medical care for the wounded and ill soldier inspired women across the country to help out and save lives. But this opportunity did not go smoothly. Due to the lack of healthcare, women used inadequate equipment and homemade supplies. Relying on remedies they heard of from Florence Nightingale.Her 1860 book Notes on Nursing: What It Is and What It Is Not became an undisputed guide for nursing care.Nightingales notes were essential to the success of a nurse during the civil war. Nightingale was the first women to be appointed to lay a foundation for nursing in England. Nightingales work helped pave the way for middle and upper class women to seek a nursing career. For the first few years allowing women into the workplace with the male medical system was war of its own. The establishment of the nursing healthcare unit provided help to those who seeked medical attention. Also benefiting the community as a whole. The building of hospitals opened up job opportunities to those seeking jobs. A prime example of job opportunity was exhibited when the Confederate Congress passed legislation in 1862. This legislation granted positions to women in the military hospitals and paying monthly wages. The increase in job opportunities was not only an economic growth, it increased a demand for education and training. More schools were developed the focused solely on medicine. These were all positive changes for the women who risk their lives to help the medical system during the war. In 1868, the American Medical Association recommended that general hospitals be used to train nurses. The AMA acknowledged the value of having skilled nursing in hospitals and hoped to avoid the use of untrained and uncontrollable volunteers. By 1880, there was a total of 15 nursing schools in the United States: by 1900, there was 432. Nursing began to receive recognition as a highly skilled profession. A profession requiring experience and knowledge. The experience for many women during The Civil War was pivotal. For many it was the first time they were away from their family and what society expected of them. From this experience they learned confidence and skills they would carry for the rest of their lives. Nurses during this time wrote many letters expressing their deep satisfaction with their new way of life. Katherine Prescott Wormeley, who served as a matron for a hospital convalescent soldiers in Rhode Island, said she spoke for the army nurses as a whole when she said (PamelaToler, Wonders Marvels, 2016): We all know in our hearts that it is thorough enjoyment to be here, it is life, in short; and we wouldnt be anywhere else for anything in the world.. Wormeley, like most women returned home after the war. Nursing was only a temporary part of their lives. Many went back to their old lives as if it was just another day. Others capitalized on the buzz of having a women in the workplace. Making their lives a little bigger than what they were before the war started. Writing was a profession that many nurses took to after the war. The most famous among these would be Louisa May Alcott, whose account of her Civil War experience, Hospital Sketches, inspired women across the country. Alcott wasnt the only nurse to keep account of her time as a nurse. During the war many women carried journals to keep track of the things they encountered. Writing letters to their families shedding light on the horrors that was a day to day life . Another nurse that became famous for her entries about the war was Amanda Akin. Nurses like Akin were eyewitnesses to the brutality of the war. Seeing the amount of soldiers brought into the hospitals after battles can leave a tremendous toll on a women who had never seen anything comparing to death. Writing was not the only profession women went into after the war. Many went on to earn their medical degrees. Vesta Swarts, for example, worked as a high school principal before the war. When she was honorably discharged from h er duties as a nurse in Louisville, Kentucky, she became a physician. This was a challenging position to go for as a women. Despite it being challenging she returned to Auburn, where she practiced medicine for the next thirty years. Going for a medical degree wasnt something many women felt was necessary to make their mark. Helping The Civil War was validation enough that they had accomplished something many thought to be unreasonable. Middle class women who served as nurses during the war were expected to return and work on charity events. This was not the case, women used their newly discovered confidence and experience to organize political activist movements, manipulating their way through a male dominated society. Taking leadership roles at local levels to start their influence bases. For instance, Emily Parsons, a nurse who served in the war for two years at many hospitals, organized a campaign supporting the opening of a charity hospital for women and children in Cambridgeport, Massachusetts. Others went for national roles, founding groups such as the Womens Christian Temperance Union, the Womens E ducational and Industrial Union and American Red Cross (PamelaToler, Wonders Marvels, 2016). These women became active in the womens right movement which allowed them to expand on all the emotion that lingered from the war. They wanted to tag on womens right to the Abolition Movement that was plaguing the country. They saw much success with this approach to spreading the word about womens rights. The life of a Civil War nurse took many different turns after the battles were over. Weather they choose to go back to having a plain life or seek more from their community was completely up to them.

Project Management Determining The Success Or Failure...

Abstract Scientific complex projects have option of success or fail due to a number of circumstances. The main controversial issue in the project management is determining the success or failure factors. Although projects have built in to be successful there are some risks can’t be avoided and that may lead at the end to failure in the near or far future (Montequin, 2014). Introduction Project management provides reasonable scientific solutions in order to overcome difficulties and achieve success. Each project has a variety of objectives have to achieve, these objectives are vary and can be for organization objectives or for social objectives. However, the project objectives could face some obstacles could be lead to limited success. The attempt to discover the factors of project success and project failure was not easy task for both scholars and expertise. These definitions can provide a close understanding and explanation for these terms. Many project management literatures have variety definitions of project success. (Adinyira, 2012) pointed out that Pinto and Slevin (1988) defined the success as delivering projects on proper time, cost and quality. Others like westerveld, elizabith have different ideas regarding the success that are related to the judge of stakeholders and organizational management. However, nowadays success become more complex issue to deter mine, it is not only meeting the costs and time it is belonging to the typology and sector of the projectShow MoreRelatedFailure And Success Of Project962 Words   |  4 Pagesliteratures on how to make a project success but they  are unclear because there is no specific cause or reason to become project unsuccessful. This position paper explores the reasons of failures and success  in the projects. Now a day’s major projects are increasingly becoming critical to manage because of the nature of projects of multiple stakeholders, conflicts of thoughts and delays. From the studies  of different authors 13 crucial things are documented for the success of project and 5 crucial thingsRead MoreProject Management Techniques For Success And Failure1589 Words   |  7 PagesProject Management Techniques for Success and Failure Individual Assignment BPM501, Semester 1 2016 Table of Contents Executive Summary 1. Introduction 2 2. Project Classification 2 2.1 project success factor 2.2 cause of project failure 2.3 project success factor of IT 2.4 project failure factor of IT 3. Scope of the literature 4 3.1 Key words 3.2 Databases 3.3 Journals 4. Background (Headings and subheadings) 5 5. Discussion 6. Recommendations 7. Conclusion 8. YourRead MoreThe CHAOS Manifesto1349 Words   |  6 Pagesglobal project statistics specifically concentrated on the United States and Europe. The report is based on four Standish Services: the CHAOS knowledge center, DARTS (Demand Assessment Requirements Tracking Survey), Executive Sponsor Workshops and Executive Interviews. Although the manifesto concentrates on statistics primarily whereas, the 2012 report talks about the various success factors of an executive sponsor as leadership plays a crucial role in deciding the success or failure of a project. TheRead MoreIntroduction. Project Management Involves Starting, Planning,1317 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Project management involves starting, planning, acting, control and the closure of a team’s work so as to achieve specific set objectives. A project is defined as a temporary endeavour which is formulated to give birth to a unique product, service or a result which had fore-shadowed beginning and end. It is usually taken to meet specific goals and objectives which bring out added advantage (Dunne and Dunne, 2011). Financial factors During project the running of a project there are manyRead MoreOrganizational Culture And Human Behavior1323 Words   |  6 PagesSuccessful projects are those that are completed within the agreed upon scope and budget, and on time. Cost and schedule overages cause majority of projects unsuccessful. Therefore, it is imperative that organizations employ better ideas and novel methodologies and frameworks in managing projects (Murthy, 2014). A major factor of a project’s success is the behavior of the employees. Employee behavior is influenced by organizational culture and leadership. This paper will briefly explore the influenceRead MoreProject Estimating Paper689 Words   |  3 PagesProject Estimating Project Estimating and Control Techniques CPMGT/303 July 12, 2014 Project Estimating Cost management planning happens early on in the project planning phase and should be refined throughout the project’s life cycle as additional details become available. The project’s cost management plan sets the framework for all of the project’s cost management processes. The accuracy of estimating a project’s cost is essential to the successful or failure of the project. This makesRead MoreCase Study 1: Prioritizing Projects at D.D. Williamson809 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study 1: Prioritizing Projects at D.D. Williamson Crystal D. Dr. Donny Bagwell Managing Human Resources Projects: HRM 517 October 27, 2013 Introduction D.D. Williamson implemented a new process for project prioritization that included focusing on the vision and impact of projects and narrowing down projects by selecting the ones of high importance and assigning them to senior management teams. I will attempt to critique that process, recommend an improvement for the process, provideRead MoreBusiness Process Reengineering Essay1589 Words   |  7 Pagesbusiness process reengineering as a business process solution for efficiently improving information systems within the context of ERP implementations. The authors suggest that â€Å"BPR is one of the best methods for determining the need to move to an ERP system and set the high level goals and project implementation scope† (Motiwalla Thompson, 2011). In order to fully analyze business process reengineering we must analyze the concept and methodologies associated with this process. Business process re-engineeringRead MoreProject Management Plan For Efficient Human Resourc e Management Planning1117 Words   |  5 Pagesabout a project failure due to inefficient human resource management planning. This paper begins with a brief background of the case followed by identifying the issues needing attention. There will be a discussion on who was responsible for the failure and whether or not the appropriate direction was justified. There will be a brief summary of what I felt would be a better plan followed by any lessons learned I gained from this case study. Background Desi Solutions, a project management consultingRead MoreLiterature Review : The Ntu Library916 Words   |  4 Pagesin determining organisational performance’ (pg. 9) and ‘is a social skill involving the effective interaction between people’ (pg. 5). It is a skill that everyone uses, although not many take into consideration how complex the process actually is. Poor communication has been an issue within the construction industry and is partly due to how it is organised Fryer et al. (2004). In comparison, poor communication from the skill which everyone requires and uses seems to be the blame of a project failure

Lululemon Athletica Free Essays

Lululemon Athletica The athletic clothing brand â€Å"Lululemon Athletica† (commonly known as Lululemon) was founded in Vancouver BC in 1998. The first Lululemon shared its retail space with a yoga studio. The Lululemon name was chosen in a survey of 100 people from a list of 20 brand names and 20 logos. We will write a custom essay sample on Lululemon Athletica or any similar topic only for you Order Now The logo is actually a stylized â€Å"A† that was made for the first letter in the name â€Å"athletically hip†, a name which failed to make the grade. The first real store opened in November of 2000. Lululemon’s target markets are men and women who are looking for athletic apparel for yoga, running, dancing, and most other sweaty pursuits. The reason why I chose this brand is because I am personally a huge fan of this brand, and this is the only brand of athletic wear I do wear. Another reason why I chose this brand is because personally I like how comfortable, affordable and fashionable the products are. I love how comfortable the pants and zip up sweaters are. From Lululemon I own 4 pairs of track pants, 8 sweaters, and 5 pairs of their spandex socks. What really impresses me about their products is how great of quality their products are. I have never ever had a problem with their products whether is would be the colour fading, seems coming out of the spot that they were in, material wearing.. Etc.. I also love how when you do order things online, Lululemon pays for your shipping right to your doorstep. Lululemon uses the marketing mix and the 4 p’s very creatively. This brand uses their promotion skills in a very organized and smart fashion. They use a lot of magazine ads, commercials, billboards, popup’s on the computer, having ware house sales, even emailing their previous customers about upcoming sales and promotions they are having. Also in New York at the Lululemon store, they had a women doing yoga with the yoga attire on, showing customers how easy it is to do activities in their clothing. Lululemon has a lot of stores in and around Canada and in the USA where there is a lot of commercial and busy areas like Toronto and New York. The prices for their yoga pants depends on usually how popular the pant is, the colour of the pants, and what type of yoga pant you are getting. The yoga pants are usually around the price of $92. 00 to $128. 00. There are 40 Lululemon Athletica stores across Canada, 38 stores and showrooms in the United States  and 7 stores and showrooms in Australia. I think Lululemon will still be popular in 5 years because although there are other options when shopping for athletic wear, their quality will never compare to Lululemon. The Lululemon athletic line does an amazing job with changing their styles around and keeping them up to date. As the crisp cold weather approaches, Lululemon has already started to advertise and bring out their fall/winter line. In this line, they feature new winter jackets, new running wear(leggings, yoga pants, socks, sweaters), and their new shorts and skirts for the warmer days of fall. After every season, Lululemon is always making sure they are up to date, coming out with new styles, and making their customers happy; and that is the main reason why Lululemon will stay popular in 5 years because they keep their customers happy when they come in, and when they leave. How to cite Lululemon Athletica, Essay examples

MSW Qualifying Human Rights and Social Work

Question: Discuss about theMSW Qualifyingfor Human Rights and Social Work. Answer: Impact of Australian Social Policy of Indefinite Mandatory Detention on the Shape and Practice of Social Work The Australian social policy of indefinite mandatory detention in the presence of convincing evidence on the harmful effect as enshrined in the Migration Act 1958 is an example of a policy that directly impacts and shapes the social work practice according to the research done by Robinson (2013). Under this policy, tens of thousands of unlawful citizens have been detained. The unlawful citizens are those who are not legal residents of Australia without a visa. The time limit of detention is not definite, and this has led to the rise in the number of mental illness cases amongst the detainees. The refugees are the most recorded people with mental problems which are as a result of the suffering, violence and persecuting they undergo. For instance, the research conducted by The Immigration Department (2016) showed that 1753 people were in the Australian on shore detention camps in 2016 for more than a year (Select Committee, 2015). Such a policy directly impacts on social work practice, the work of social service among other is to improve on the situations of the clients and enable them to access their rights as refugees or asylums. This brings the social worker into logger's heads with the Australian law enforcers because the workers are considered as being illegally conducting their work. The social workers are led and guided by the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW) Code of Ethics AASW (2010) which requires that the dignity and respect of every person are respected, respect of their human rights, provision of duty of care services and well-being among others. With the existing contradicting Australian policy on the mandatory detention of non-citizens directly contravenes the work of social workers. Therefore, the policy does not only impact on the social work practice but shapes it because now the social workers will have to work against the code of ethics which they once swore their allegiance to. The Development of Human Rights and Social Justice from the Perspective of Social Work Practice The current world today enjoys a safe and prosperous life partly due to the campaign for the freedom of democracy and respect for the supremacy of the law and human dignity. However, the implementation of these values is mainly done by the social work practice though faced with numerous challenges. The core of social work is to uphold and protect the society regarding social justice and human rights (Dolgoff and Feldstein, 2012). The two typical examples of how the development of human rights impact on the social work practice is the integration of human rights curricula into the social work and the use of human rights as a framework for lobbying social work. The introduction of the modules or units of human rights into the curriculum of social work as a mandatory course has led to the experience of better understanding of social work and its deeper internalization. The human rights units have been introduced all over the learning period because the social work learners are expected to be working with vulnerable groups. Thus they should thoroughly understand the human rights to identify their violation. The social work students are further supposed to practice the theories learned in class through internships, training and seminars (Grant and Kinman, 2012). Secondly, it is an expectation of the social workers to stand up for others more so when their fundamental rights are under attack. Therefore, the know how to use human rights as a framework for lobbying social work is critical to the social work learner so that he/she may know how to study situations and detect cases of injustice and the best way to respond. The use of human rights as a framework for politicizing social work practice enables the learner to understand power structures that are significant to the social work practice. Furthermore, the existing relationship between the power structures and their impact on injustice and inhumanity, and the role of social work in reversing is it is well considered. Essence of Empowerment in Case Work and Community Work The concept of empowerment in the community is very beneficial both to casework and to the community at large in several ways. Hepworth et al. (2016) asserts that an empowered community makes the people have the freedom to act within the society and creates a sense of responsibility. Through the involvement in the community work, they rediscover their individual and common potential and thus enhance personal esteem. The concept of community empowerment can initiate programs at an individual level, whose influence can be felt nationally or internationally. For instance, an accident victim can gather people such as close or distant relatives, friends or strangers with the aim of sensitizing people on the measures of road safety. Community organizations if empowered can provide solutions to many social problems because they have the strength to mobilize the people and resources (DuBois and Miley, 2013). Empowerment is useful both in case work and community work because the emancipation of the leaders of the community organizations implies improved and better services to the community which boosts the production capacity of the community (Kirst-Ashman, 2015). Furthermore, people that are empowered can influence the course and implementation of community projects through their involvement. The effect of empowerment begins from an individual level to community level thus leading to the achievement of powers that positively impact the economic political and societal aspects of the community. Development of effective social work practice with refugees and former asylum seekers Refugees and asylum seekers have suffered and continue to undergo adversity. Their needs are usually complicated and therefore warrant the attention of a wide range of social work services (Hadgkiss and Renzaho, 2014). However, irrespective of the challenges faced, social workers can implement some practices which will improve the condition of their lives. The first useful practice as per Ruch et al. (2011) is to create a framework which is based on human rights to ensure that the refugees and asylum seekers are dealt with by respect, equality, and dignity. In order to achieve this, the first step should be an effort to win the commitment of humanitarian organizations and relevant government departments to promoting the well-being of the asylum seeker and refugees. Furthermore, a needs assessment framework should be carried out, and a local strategy is created to enable the local authorities to initiate and come up with strategies for offering services to the asylum seekers and refug ees. Secondly, the community organizations and refugees and asylum seekers can be involved in the plan and development of the service delivery so as to improve service provision Kirmayer et al. (2011) The local organization of the refugees and community should be natured because they are a valuable resource in inclusion and the design and delivery of services. Thirdly, Saleebey (2012) suggests that the development of the workforce of social workers through training, seminars, etc. are significant in ensuring that employees possess the expected expertise in dealing with refugees and asylum seekers. This can be accomplished by initiating local authorities and professional teams. Also, supervision should be done to social workers and other related practitioners to ensure a continuous delivery of up to standard services and rectification of any issues that may arise. Lastly, there should be established an eligibility criterion to be adopted by the local authorities in assessing persons in nee d of any social work services (Dolgoff and Feldstein, 2012). For instance, if the asylum seekers are not entitled to the social work services then the laws on human rights should be used in the assessment to determine if it would be a violation of their human rights to deny them the social work services. Challenges Faced By Social Workers in Mainstream Agencies While Working With the Indigenous Australians The challenges of social work with the indigenous Australians are commonly based on the cultural variance of the social workers with the Aboriginals (Ife, 2012). The cultural misunderstanding between the aboriginals and the social workers is understood as the consequence of down looking upon the beliefs and practices held by the Indigenous Australians. This is due to the legacy of colonization of the aboriginals of the western world which was characterized by poverty, high mortality to avoidable diseases, land acquisition, unemployment, violence, etc. When working with the aboriginal community, the social workers are expected to respect the elders and appreciate their significance to the community without which they cant gain access to offer their services to the community. In most cases, the demands of the elders go against the laid down codes of ethics for the social worker. The other challenge faced by the social worker with the aboriginal community is their respect for the land a nd spiritual aspects and cultural protocols which are associated with who is allowed to communicate to the generations and relatives, such protocols are a challenge to the social work for they hinder the successful provision of services in many ways. Walter, Taylor, and Habibis (2011) assert that generally, the principles and values of the western people where social work practice originates are different from the indigenous Australians. The perspectives of development and skills acquisition by the indigenous population are very different from those of the western nations. Furthermore, the understanding of values on parenting and treatment of older people is very different between the westerners and the aboriginal people. Therefore, it becomes a challenge for the social worker whose training is inclined towards the western ideology to integrate the two schools of thoughts but still work under the code of ethics. Based on the research done by Bennett, Zubrzycki, and Bacon, (2011). The social workers who worked with the Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander had critical identity issues. The practitioners in the study claimed that they felt limited by the agencies in the manner in which they worked out with the communitie s. References AASW (2010). Code of Ethics. p. 12. Retrieved from:https://www.aasw.asn.au/document/item/1201 Bennett, B., Zubrzycki, J., Bacon, V. (2011). What do we know? The experiences of social workers working alongside Aboriginal people.Australian social work,64(1), 20-37. Dolgoff, R., Feldstein, D. (2012).Understanding social welfare: A search for social justice. New Jersey: Pearson Higher Ed. Dolgoff, R., Feldstein, D. (2012).Understanding social welfare: A search for social justice. New Jersey: Pearson Higher Ed. DuBois, B. L., Miley, K. K. (2013).Social work: An empowering profession. New Jersey:Pearson Higher Ed. Grant, L., Kinman, G. (2012). Enhancing wellbeing in social work students: Building resilience in the next generation.Social Work Education,31(5), 605-621. Hadgkiss, E. J., Renzaho, A. M. (2014). The physical health status, service utilisation and barriers to accessing care for asylum seekers residing in the community: a systematic review of the literature.Australian Health Review,38(2), 142-159. Hepworth, D. H., Rooney, R. H., Rooney, G. D., Strom-Gottfried, K. (2016).Empowerment Series: Direct Social Work Practice: Theory and Skills. Nelson Education. Ife, J. (2012).Human rights and social work: Towards rights-based practice. England: Cambridge University Press. Kirmayer, L. J., Narasiah, L., Munoz, M., Rashid, M., Ryder, A. G., Guzder, J. Pottie, (2011). Common mental health problems in immigrants and refugees: general approach in primary care.Canadian Medical Association Journal,183(12), E959-E967. Kirst-Ashman, K. K. (2015).Empowerment Series: Introduction to Social Work Social Welfare: Critical Thinking Perspectives. Canada: Nelson Education. Ruch, G., Volz, F. R., Orme, J., Hill, A., Ward, D., Skinner, K., Morago, P. (2011).Social work education and training. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Saleebey, D. (2012).The strengths perspective in social work practice. New Jersey: Pearson Higher Ed. Select Committee on the Recent Allegations relating to Conditions and Circumstances at the Regional Processing Centre in Nauru. (2015). Taking responsibility: conditions and circumstances at Australia's Regional Processing Centre in Nauru. P 5.16. The Immigration Departments detention statistics (2016). Retrieved from: https://www.border.gov.au/ReportsandPublications/Documents/statistics/immigration-detention-statistics-29-feb-2016.pdf Walter, M., Taylor, S., Habibis, D. (2011). How white is social work in Australia?Australian Social Work,64(1), 6-19.

The conceptual models of human resource management Essay Example For Students

The conceptual models of human resource management Essay Human Resource Management is an organisational activity, meant to be after, pull off, steer and command the maps involved in procurance, development, care, and use of the staff, for carry throughing each degree marks. The basic seven ( 7 ) managerial undertakings that human resources ( HR ) section has to cover with are: We will write a custom essay on The conceptual models of human resource management specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now 1. Staffing. 2. Performance Appraisals. 3. Compensation and Benefits. 4. Training and Development. 5. Employee and Labor Relations. 6. Safety and Health. 7. Human Resource Research. Human resource Renaissance mans and specializers can be parts of the large organisations HRM staffing. The HR Renaissance man is portion of all the seven HRM maps, while the HR specializer may be portion of any one of them. Prior to the seven undertakings treatments, understanding the occupation analysis is necessary. HR analyses the work proficiency, exact actions and Intelligence demands of the occupation put to deathing resources, in Job Analysis. Three evidences back uping Job Analysis are: While new startup While new occupation creative activity While occupation alteration. Two cardinal tools playing critical function in Job definition are: Describing the Occupation: Job description is about stipulating non merely the occupation function and occupation duties but besides a list of skill set required and technical/non-technical facets of the Job. Requirements of the Job/ Job Specification ( Mondy and Noe, 1996 ) : Job Specification is about gauging the basic sum of instruction and needed experience to put to death the undertaking. Outline1 Staff Management2 Compensation and Benefits3 Tax returns and benefits4 Training to better Performance5 Employee Relationss6 Human Resource Models7 Figure 2 Schemes of HRM8 The Matching Model9 Figure 3 Matching Model10 Human Resource Models11 Control-Based Model12 The Resource-Based Model13 Figure 414 The Integrative theoretical account:15 Figure 5 Dimensions of HR Strategy16 Undertaking 217 Psychological Contract and the Foundation for Adaptive Schemes18 Manpower Planning19 The two cardinal constituents of Manpower planning are20 Sequence Planing21 Employee turnover22 Recruitment23 Deciding on Footings of Appointment24 Choice of Campaigners25 Probation26 Performance Management27 Cardinal Components28 Motivation29 Performance Appraisal30 Promotion31 Guidance and Supervision32 Training and Development33 Training34 Development35 Staff Relationss36 Management Information System37 The Way Ahead38 Advantages of Human Resource Planning39 Restriction of HRP40 Decision Staff Management Staff Management is possible with occupation description and occupation specification. As per the organisational demands for engaging new resources, occupation hire specifications are defined like appellation, occupation station, registration day of the month, and section. In large organisations, HR takes attention of all these activities. HR posts pre created occupation specifications, for occupation demand, may be internal occupation switch or engaging external campaigner or both. Technical Manager ( s ) has to interview the shortlisted campaigners, to guarantee whether the campaigner is eligible for the occupation station and so to carry through the demand. Performance Appraisals To actuate the resources whose public presentation is good and who carry throughing the given duties as per outlooks are encouraged by supplying periodic increases or Appraisals. These assessments are given based on public presentation rating of the resources, to hike up their future public presentation. HR plays the function of scrutinizing the resource public presentation, wok truth, promptness, behaviour in critical incidents, managing the feverish work state of affairss, and others, to make up ones mind the assessments for the resources. HR can besides roll up employee reappraisals from their line directors by inquiring about their public presentation. As per the evaluations gained by the employee by their directors, or group of directors, and self audit done by HR, the Performance Appraisals are given to the employees. Compensation and Benefits Compensation is payment in the signifier of an hourly wages/annual wages and extra benefits such as, pensions, holiday, ill yearss, insurance, modified workweek, stock options, etc. In the ideal state of affairs, employees feel they are paid what they are deserving, are rewarded with sufficient benefits, and have some intrinsic satisfaction.Compensation should be legal and ethical, equal, motivation, just and just, cost-efficient lucrative, and able to supply employment security. Tax returns and benefits HR Activities besides include pull offing the attack towards employee benefits and compensation, employee records and forces policies. Tax returns / Compensation is paid as hourly rewards with paid foliages, insurance coverage, retirement fund, type of benefits. This may assist the employees to experience that they are acquiring rewarded for their first-class work and hence may make feeling of satisfaction and security. Supplying just, principled, inspiring, moneymaking, encouraging sort of Returns to the employees gives them surety of working at the right topographic point. Training to better Performance Training the hired resources may assist to better the public presentation degree. The resources can update their accomplishments, work techniques, and methodological analysis. Besides proper preparation enables the resources to larn new constructs, get the hanging the engineering, achieve high public presentation. Resources can be trained based on certain standards like the existent demand of developing to the campaigner, financess provided for preparation, necessity of bettering the work cognition, etc. Organizations follows different developing methods that includes, Computer-based Training which is cost effectual and self larning sort of preparation, Recreation type of Training which allows the trainee to acquire involved in practising the virtually designed environment by utilizing the known constructs in to existent state of affairss and Training by Instructor in which the trainer will present the needed cognition to the trainee. Employee Relationss HR has to be linked with assorted patterns followed to pull off the personals in the organisations in better manner. HR has to play cardinal function in placing employees issues and deciding them, effectual communicating, disposal, colonies, make up ones minding the exact organisational staffing demands, and to repair whether the employees on contract footing or lasting footing can carry through the work demands, engaging best resources within available rewards, etc. Human Resource Models HR scheme consists of five P s that includes Philosophy, Policies, Programs, Practices and Processes. It can be executed after repairing the coveted concern scheme to back up the selected spirited schemes. The HR scheme theoretical account s diagrammatic illustration can be studied from fig 1. Figure 1 Hierarchy of Strategic Decision Making The undermentioned theoretical accounts explain the influence of environment on HR scheme .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588 , .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588 .postImageUrl , .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588 , .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588:hover , .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588:visited , .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588:active { border:0!important; } .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588:active , .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588 .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0a8e2999ec31d114fc9c5f4e65bbc588:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Psychophysics EssayFigure 2 Schemes of HRM The policies and patterns of an organisation s HRM must be adaptable to its competitory environment and with the concern conditions it faces. The Integration Concept has three facets. Associating of HR policies and patterns with the strategic direction procedure of the organisation Internalization of the importance of HR on the portion of line directors Integration of the work force into the organisation to further committedness or an identity of involvement with the strategic ends. Associating strategic direction procedure with HR policies and patterns of the organisation Internalization of the importance of HR on the portion of line directors Better the committedness or an identity of involvement with the strategic ends through work force integrating in to the organisation The Matching Model Organizational construction and HR systems are to be managed similar to that of organisational scheme . This is close to Chandler s ( 1962 ) differentiation between scheme and construction and his often-quoted axiom that structure follows scheme . In the Devanna et Al. theoretical account, HRM scheme construction follow and provender upon one another and are influenced by environmental forces ( figure 3 ) . Figure 3 Matching Model Human Resource Models This subdivision shows the nexus between organization/business scheme and HR scheme. Human resource schemes here average forms of determinations about HR policies used by direction in planing work and to choose, train, develop, appraise, to actuate and command workers. It consists of three theoretical accounts: Control Based Model: In this the direction proctors and command employee function public presentation. Resource Based Model: It is based on the nature employer employee exchange and, specifically on employee attitudes, the quality of director subsidiary relationship. Integrative Model: This theoretical account combines both Control Based and Resource Based theoretical accounts Control-Based Model This theoretical account is more specifically based on the managerial behaviour and to supervise employee public presentation. Harmonizing to this position, HR policies and schemes act as a tool and techniques to command all facets of work and obtain high degree of labour productiveness. Concentrating on monitoring and commanding employee public presentation has its roots in labor procedure of industrial sociologist . When organisations employ people, they have merely capacity to work. To guarantee that each and every employee works to his or her full capacity, directors must form the undertakings, infinite, minute of clip within which the employee works. Thomson and McHugh province that control is non an terminal in itself, but a means to transform the capacity to work established by the pay relation in profitable production The pick of HR scheme is governed by Variations in organisation signifiers Competitive presuure on direction Stability of labour markets The fluctuations in HR schemes reflects two logics: Process Based control focal points on efficiency and cost containment Outcomes based control focal points on existent consequences The Resource-Based Model This theoretical account is based on the wages attempt exchange, the grade to which directors view their employees every bit assets as opposed to variable cost. The amount of people s cognition, societal relationships serve as a beginning of competitory advantage. An organisation resource can be categorized as touchable and intangible. Here capablenesss mean the effectual usage of organisational resources. Harmonizing to SWOT analysis, the resource based perspective emphasizes on the internal strengths and extinguishing failings . Figure 4 The Integrative theoretical account: Bamberger and Meshoulam integrated the Control Based Model and Resource Based theoretical account to construct a new theoretical account that characterizes the two chief schemes of HR affecting acquisition and development and the venue of control , Acquisition and development are concerned about how the HR scheme increases internal human capital as opposed to external hiring. This is knows as the do or bargain scheme of HR Figure 5 shows, these two chief dimensions of HR scheme yield four different ideal types of dominant HR scheme: Figure 5 Dimensions of HR Strategy Commitment HR scheme: focal points on internal development of employees. Traditional HR scheme: focal points on external hiring. Collaborative HR scheme: Subcontracting the work to external experts and evaluation their public presentation based on the terminal consequence. Paternalistic HR scheme: Supplying internal publicities to employees and offering larning chances. Undertaking 2 Psychological Contract and the Foundation for Adaptive Schemes In the past employee trueness and consistent good work were rewarded through changing grade of occupation security. Presently, stableness and permanence were mostly replaced by changeless alteration. For organisations uninterrupted betterment, geting new accomplishments and employee cognition drama major function. In 1980 s fortune 500 companies faced stiff competition and shed 3.5million adult male power and this figure may hold reached 10million. If the work force realized that the companies are undergoing a alteration, the constituents are: Manpower Planning Manpower planning enables a section to be after its short and long term demands and adjust its adult male power needs harmonizing the demands. Manpower planning shows Available endowment and figure of new engaging have to be done. Bespeaking possible enlistings. Excess or lack in rankings or classs. Handiness of qualified and experient workers The two cardinal constituents of Manpower planning are Sequence Planing Employee turnover Sequence Planing This assesses the likely turnover in cardinal stations, placing the possible campaigners to make full these cardinal stations and guaranting that they have suited preparation and exposure in making their following degree. Succession planning is an of import exercising because it gives a subdivision or section an earlier warning on deficit of accomplishments and happening campaigners with suited accomplishments. A sequence program identifies: Cardinal stations and possible possible campaigners. Causes of turnover. Identifying the campaigners and supplying preparation. Alternate action, if no campaigner is identified. Employee turnover Due to the factors such as surrender or retirement a section may non be after for a turnover. But it can supervise turnover so that less troubles are faced in retaining the endowment. These troubles can be overcome by actuating, preparation and supplying growing chances. When turn toing sequence and turnover the section needs to see other factors such as external factors internal factors Recruitment When a section decides to engage manpower, it should place the sort of staff required, and the clip period. The general rules followed in civil services enlisting are: Use processs which are clearly understood by campaigners and which are unfastened to public examination ; .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3 , .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3 .postImageUrl , .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3 , .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3:hover , .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3:visited , .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3:active { border:0!important; } .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3:active , .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3 .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u74ace115b1a4d31f137c6d72ae22aaf3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Business Information Systems EssayBe just, giving campaigners who meet the stipulated lower limit demands equal chance for choice ; and Select campaigners on the footing of virtue and ability. Use processs which are clearly understood by campaigners. Supplying equal chance for campaigners who meet the declared demands. Select campaigners based on virtue. Recruitment of abroad officers is undertaken merely when no or insufficient local campaigners are available. The three cardinal constituents of enlisting procedure are: Deciding on footings of assignment. Choice of campaigners. Probation. Deciding on Footings of Appointment After make up ones minding on class and clip period of the staff, the section needs to concentrate on footings of assignment, this should be drafted on the footing of nature of responsibilities to be performed and the duties to be carried out. The different footings of assignments footings are: Permanent and personable footings ; Agreement footings ; Impermanent footings ( month-by-month or daily ) ; Part-time ; Non-civil service assignment ; and Consultancy Choice of Campaigners Ad. Screening and Selection. Functions and Responsibilities. Flexibility. Probation During probation the campaigners are introduced to assorted sections of civil service and the aims of these sections are explained. During this stage a regular feedback on public presentation is provided. It includes On the occupation preparation Supervision and counsel Performance Management The aim of Performance Management is to increase the overall productiveness and effectivity of staff by increasing single potency. It is concerned with: Enhancing single and corporate public presentation. Reaching the direction outlooks. Bridging the spread between top direction and employees. Acknowledging and honoring employee public presentation Identifying and actuating the low acting employees. Supplying preparation to better their bing accomplishments. Cardinal Components Motivation The success of Human Resource Management lies in actuating the employees to make their highest public presentation degrees. The civil service has many coders to hike employee motive, which are discussed under staff dealingss subdivision. Principle: The basic rule in motive is that an effectual employee direction will convey out best from the employees of course. Procedures: Praising in public, admiting a well done undertaking or a positive provender back from top direction and allowing other staff to cognize the accomplishments of their equals. Performance Appraisal Performance assessment will measure an single public presentation over the assigned duties/tasks. It helps direction in placing strengths and failing, whether the campaigner can be promoted to following degree in the occupation hierarchy. The basic rules regulating public presentation assessment are: Jointly carried by single and supervisor. It s an on-going and uninterrupted procedure. Associating departmental aims to individual s public presentation. Outstanding public presentation does non guarantee an addition in rank or class. Performance assessment is done one time in a twelvemonth, except for officers on probation. Each section has their ain assessment ways. During the assessment procedure the aims are clearly listed for appraise and measuring officer. In the terminal the measuring officer will compose the appraisal and sends it to countersigning officer for reappraisals. Promotion Promotion implies that an employee has necessary accomplishments, cognition degrees and attitude to execute good at following higher rank. During assessment accomplishments, experience and potency are considered. The assessment procedure is just and transparent. Promotion Procedures: Department Heads invite employees to use for publicity and even let them to choose out of publicity. As a general regulation publicity boards should Be crystalline Supply an equal chance for all the eligible officers Where the staff studies are inconsistent and non crystalline, promotional interviews are held to supplement these studies. Guidance and Supervision Continuous counsel and supervising will assist employees to execute good therefore doing them eligible for publicity, it besides assists underperforming employee. Guidance and feedback improves the public presentation and removes the blocks in growing of advancement. A feedback should be Immediate Balanced Specific and constructive Training and Development Training and development improves the accomplishments of civil retainers and makes them to execute good in their responsibilities. A strategic attack has the undermentioned features. Committedness in preparation and developing the people. Continuous analysis of demands and staff accomplishments. Maping preparation and development to departmental ends. Choosing experts in preparation Identifying assorted preparation and development manners. Training Departments have their ain preparation methodological analysis and transport out this efficaciously. Management designs developing policies and programs that meet and support departmental aims and values. To guarantee staff development occurs, directors identify developing demands, activities and supply necessary preparation resources. It is the duty of staff to use the preparation to increase their potencies and accomplishments. Development The intent of the calling development is to heighten the accomplishments of the staff and fix them to take high duties. Career development must equilibrate between the demands of an single and with the demands of service. Staff Relationss To maximise the cooperation from staff and actuate them to convey out best from them, direction ensures that there is an effectual communicating channel between top direction and staff. This will enable civil retainers be reasonably treated and, how determinations affect them. The rules that govern staff dealingss are: Transparency in communicating Consulting staff on affairs that affects them. Deciding differences through treatments. The Government should continue the declarations of the International Labor Organization conventions Planing and encouraging activities for good being of staff. Management Information System A Management Information System helps in systematic aggregation of information so that sections can supervise the effectivity of assorted HRM policies. Accurate information helps HRM to: Monitor and enhance HRM Supply up-to-date information for policy development. The Way Ahead Human Resource Management is an on-going and uninterrupted undertaking, the challenge in front is to take new enterprises and programs for better direction of people, actuating them in making the ends, so that they will go on to give their best in these altering times. Advantages of Human Resource Planning Bettering the productiveness of staff. Hiring a good qualified HR. Implementing quickly altering engineerings. Reducing employee abrasion. Controling preparation and enlisting costs. Dainty employees as corporate aids. Restriction of HRP Time and Expensive Inefficient Information systems Resistance from employees Decision As more figure of organisations are take parting in international concern, the range and demand of HRM continues to increase. Hence it is of import for HR professional to get by up with latest tendencies and engineerings in pull offing the people, giving public presentation assessments, supplying preparation and development plans, safety and healthy issues.

The Man On The Moon essays

The Man On The Moon essays In the early 1950s, America and the Soviet Union competed in the greatest race of all time. It was the race to space, more specifically the race to the moon. The Space Race became a symbol of a broad political contest between two rival world powers. Both the U.S. and the Soviet Union struggled to reach the moon, and put man on it. Before a watchful world, each side sought to demonstrate its superiority through impressive feats in rocketry and space flight.(Space Race). The Soviet Union put the first satellite into orbit, as well as the first human in space. America had to reply, so we in turn put the first man on the moon, with the Soviet Union following close at our heels when they nearly succeeded in doing the same. Since America was in such a rush to reach the moon, several skeptics, and conspiracy theorists have brought up the idea that this historical event was possibly faked. There is a good deal of evidence that demonstrates no one had actually ever landed on the moon. NASA may not have had the technical capability of going to the Moon just yet, but pressure from the Soviet Union may have forced them to fake it. The first bit of actual evidence brought up is the lack of stars in the pictures taken by the Apollo astronauts from the surface of the Moon (There are none!). Without air, the sky is black, so where are the stars? More evidence also involves pictures. In all the pictures taken by the astronauts, the shadows are NOT black. Objects in shadow can be seen, sometimes clearly, including an American flag symbol on the side of the moon lander that can be read easily. If the Sun is the only source of light on the Moon, the skeptics say, and there is no air to scatter that light, shadows and everything in them should be completely black also. Several pictures from the Moon are shown where objects on the lunar landscape have long unparallel shadows. If the Sun were the only l ...

Unemployment in Europe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Unemployment in Europe - Essay Example A survey conducted in 2006, an assessment of the unemployment rates in various countries in Europe was carried out. As per the results of that survey, unemployment in Europe in general is currently as high as 4% to 17%. (Kurten, 2006). Not only this, the rate of unemployment was assessed to decrease further in the coming years, which is the biggest cause of concern among the youth of the European nations. The same study by Kurten (2006) revealed that till 2004, people below 25 years of age belonging to the European Union faced unemployment in the percentage of over 18.6%. What particularly raises a lot of difficulties in the way of young Europeans getting employed is a lack of sufficient experience that would get them qualified for the jobs. Any journey has to start from a point. Unfortunately, young Europeans can not start because the employers expect them to have considerable experience that is not possible without at least one employer having compromised upon lack of experience and accepted a fresh graduate. Moreover, employers in Europe conventionally judge the skills of a person through his/her CV. This way, many potential employees fail to be even considered for selection simply because the CVs are not convincing enough in terms of experience. In addition to that, employers in Europe generally tend to evaluate the proficiency of an individual through his/her experience with the first job. This can prove very unfortunate for an individual in that even if he/she remained employed with some infamous and unrenowned company for a considerable length of time in the start of his/her career, he/she might have extreme difficulty searching another job after leaving the first one. The consequences can be even worse if the individual got expelled from the first job for some reason, even if he/she was not at fault at all. On the other hand, employees themselves feel demotivated by repeated rejections and expulsions

An analysis of GSK and the pharma industry Coursework

An analysis of GSK and the pharma industry - Coursework Example This is for the period of the last two years. For example, the share prices of GSK as of July 2014 were 1,568 pounds, and this was an increase of 4 pounds from the previous share prices of 1564 pounds in June (GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). It is important to explain that its stock price between the periods of September 2013 to May 2014 was fluctuating in nature. For example, in September 2013, the closing share price of the company was 1,557 pounds, while in December 2013 the closing share prices were 1,611 (GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). It is important to denote that during this period, the share prices of the company were on a steady increase. However, during the months of January and February 2014, there was a significant drop in the share prices of GSK, with the closing share of the company in January standing at 1, 564, and in February the stock price increased to 1671. These fluctuating share prices were experienced during the periods of March to July 2014 (GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). It is important to denote that the share prices of GSK between July 2013 to July 2014 was a significant increase from the previous share prices of GSK between July 2012 to July 2013. For example, the closing share price of the company in the month of July 2012 was 1,468 pounds; on the other hand, the closing share price of the company in July 2013 was 1,684 (GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). This is a significant increase of about 216 pounds. It is important to denote that during this period of July 2013 to July 2013, the share prices of the company traded at very low prices, with the lowest closing price being 1,334 pounds. This was t he closing share price of November 2012(GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). This was partly because of the medical scandals that affected the company. Despite these scandals, the share prices of the company increased steadily during these two years of

Consequentialism And Deontology Will Be Critically Discussed Philosophy Essay

Consequentialism And Deontology Will Be Critically Discussed Philosophy Essay Consequentialism and deontology will be critically discussed on their impact on psychological research. The following areas will be discussed on how the ethical theories link with the BPS (British Psychological Society) guidelines. How current studies have impacted on both philosophical ideas and the BPS ethical guidelines. Additionally, it will conclude that a mixture of both theories is more morally and ethically valid. The deontological theory has impacted on psychological research as it argues that human beings are equal so act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law (Kant, 1985 p. 422). This is similar to the BPS guidelines which promote ethical behaviour (BPS, 2000). For example Milgram (1963) was slated for not being ethically valid however, there were no ethical guidelines during his era (Youngpeter, 2008). Yet, this allowed him to investigate the role of obedience and how this affects a persons moral value. In addition, how the participants were going to behave and the outcome of the study was unexpected (Russell, 2009). This supports rule-consequentialists who argue that even if there were ethical guidelines in some cases breaking some rules might be beneficial overall, rather than a world where individuals decide whether some rules should be kept or not (Eggeston, 2007). The impact of the consequentialism theory would argue that current replications of obedience studies are not ethically valid because the participants might think they are harming another individual thus causing the individual stress (Burger, 2009). This suggest that the research was not maximising the good and supports the BPS code of conduct (2009) which claim that participants must be protected from physical and mental harm. However, replication studies of Milgram (1963) have found that, whilst societal attitudes and changes can affect behaviour, the result indicted that the same situational factors that affected obedience in Milgrams experiment is still present today (Burger 2009). This then outweighs the discomfort in the participants because it can explain the role of authority figures during World War 2 and the present day, thus the research was maximising the good. In addition, one important implication of Burgers (2009) replication study was that it did not violate any ethica l guidelines, as the research excluded people with a history of psychological or emotional problems (Burger, 2009, p.10). And the participants were debriefed at the end. Furthermore, the current research links with a consequentialist strength that pleasure is good and suffering is bad (Sinnott-Armstrong 2009). However, consequentialism has issues which surround the idea that if people lived by producing the best possible balance of good over bad then it would not be maximised because people would make miscalculations, allow their personal biases to interfere thus, it may distort their decisions (Shand, 2003). Furthermore, it was found that consequentialism is very demanding as individuals might have to abandon personal projects in order to maximise the good and to resolve issues (McNaughton and Rawling,1998). Similarly, deontology allows the consideration of a persons autonomy, which allows us to assign more weight to our own personal desires and values (Singer, 1993). Consequently, this will make sure we avoid wrongdoings therefore argues that actions are more important than the consequences (Singer, 1993). Kants argues that the moral worth of an action is not determined by its consequences because it is possible that someone does something out of a good intention but ends up bringing about bad consequences (Shand, 2003). Reicher and Haslam (2006) caused stress among the guards and prisoners which violated the ethical code of protection, thus bringing about bad consequences. However, the research provides insight into how social roles can trap us into behaving against what we believe is morally wrong (Reicher and Haslam 2011). This would relate back to a consequentialism idea, that it may be appalling to think of harming the one person but it must be equally appalling to think not of doing so and as a result allowing, the killing of many people (Singer, 1993). Thus maximising the good for the greatest number. Nevertheless, deontology argues that the right should not be defined in terms of the good, the goodness of the ultimate consequence does not guarantee the rightness of the actions which produced them (Fried, 1978, p.9). According to deontologists, it is obvious that the interests of the many does not count nor does it count equally and if they did then it would be obligatory to save all of them and harm the one (Singer, 1993). Furthermore, deontologists forbid harm and criticise consequentialism because it leaves no room for personal autonomy (Singer, 1993). In addition, critics of consequentialism would argue that it would lead an individual to do horrendous deeds, so long as they promise the best consequences (Singer, 1993, p.234), thus consequentialism would support the killing of innocent people however, they argue that the theory should not be judged on wild unlikely possibilities as it is not true to life (Shand, 2003). Although, it has been argued that it would allow and encourage the individual to contemplate more about bad deeds thus by doing this, individuals might not recognise the rights of others in consideration which ought to have restrained th em without thinking about the consequences itself (Singer, 1993). This relates back to the BPS codes, as psychologists can look back at the ethical guidelines when they find themselves in a tricky situation. In addition, in real life there are laws such as the Human Rights Act (1998) which should help individuals make morally right decisions. Deontological theories have impacted on psychological research, as they argue that we must not lie (McNaughton and Rawling, 1998). This supports the ethical considerations in the British Psychological Society which argue that we must not deceive participants about the nature of the experiment (BPS, 2000). Most psychological research deceive participants in order to find out what they are thinking. For example, self report measures use deception frequently in order to find out other factors that might affect the results. For example, one contemporary piece of research told the participants that the questionnaire was on memory and on drug abuse but they also looked at the number of mistakes they made on the questionnaire and gender differences (Rodgers et al, 2003). Another current study deceived hospital staff and results showed that experts misdiagnosed healthy patients (BBC, 2008). This suggests that deceiving participants is necessary because it can show the impact on labels and ho w they affect treatment given (Blass, 1991). Therefore, they were deceived in order to find out whether they were diagnosed correctly. These findings are important as it allows improvements in diagnostic criterias, therefore consequentialists point out that in practice most people do lie and we should break rules in certain circumstances (Shand, 2003). However, it has been argued that there is a risk of psychological harm to the participants and the violation of their autonomy because they are deceived about the true nature of the experiment (Bortolotti and Mameli, 2006). This relates back to a deontological idea on an individuals autonomy. Consequentialism looks at actions and deontological looks at what I ought to do however, further argument suggests that emphasis should be placed on the individual character which is a virtue ethic idea what sort of person should I be (Shand, 2003). Virtue ethics could impact on psychological research for example if Reicher and Haslam (2006) or Burger (2009) involved virtuous individuals then the results might differ in terms of, participants might not conform to groups or they might be more determined to withdraw. Furthermore, according to Annas (2007) argues that the idea that we have global character traits or virtues is empirically inadequate as it does not have a cross situational consistency. A further weakness of virtue ethics is that it does not provide individuals with enough guidance on what we should do but how we should be what would a virtuous person do (Doris, 1998). Additionally, as society develops, individuals might find it difficult to decide on what are the most im portant morals to develop or what type of actions are virtuous or not (Doris, 1998). It is argued that consequentialist theories achieve moral closure, as the individual acts rightly only when their actions maximise utility, whereas deontologists act may be acceptable without it being the best or possibly a good option (Singer, 1993). If both theories were grouped together then it is possible to look at both the type of action and consequence produced, whether if it is right or wrong, this would allow a individual to think and behave more ethically. In conclusion, consequentialism looks at the consequences whereas deontology places importance of the right action to be fundamental to ethics. Consequentialism links with the BPS guideline in explaining psychological research e.g. Burger (2009) and Reicher and Haslam (2006). However, they both maximised the good by giving an insight into social roles. Yet, deontology states that participants in research need to be treated equally. Deontological theories support the BPS ethical guideline e.g. deception, the participants should not be deceived however results will be affected if the participants knew what the research was about. By concentrating on consequences it misses out individual factors (virtue idea). Both theories will be more ethically valid if they were merged together.

India automobile industry Essay

Is this the worst period for the automobile industry that you’ve witnessed? The sales of petrol-fuelled cars have been declining month after month and it went unnoticed. However, diesel car sales started declining only since the last six months. Sales of petrol cars have been declining for the past two years. This is certainly the worst period, I can’t think of any period in recent history that’s been anything like this. The correction that’s happening now is of diesel-powered car sales. If you look back at the diesel car sales, it had a very rapid growth. Beginning of 2011, growth has been very high, till the end of last year. Carmakers had expanded capacity. There is now not much attraction for diesel cars with increasing fuel prices. There has been substantial cut-back in petrol car production, but the cut-back in diesel car production was seen only from last month. Analysts are talking about a huge inventory pile-up at stockyards and dealerships. Is this one of the major reasons for plant shut downs? Shut downs are happening, because there is no point producing cars which are not selling. If I have a capacity to sell 40,000 cars and the demand today in the market is for only 30,000 cars, what do I do now? I have to scale back production. I have two ways of doing it. Either I reduce production each day by 25% or work on less days and produce 25% less. It is more economical to choose the second option, to work for a fewer number of days at maximum capacity. Because this will help reduce overheads such as electricity, transport, water charges, etc. Lot of money goes into these. What companies are doing is working for a fewer number of days but at maximum capacity on those days.

Citizenship in the World, Bsa Merit Badge.

| Citizenship in the World| Counselor: Jack P. Wiiki| | | 8/26/2012| | Requirement 1) â€Å"What does Citizenship in the world mean to you, and what does it take to become one? † Citizenship in the World, meaning that one ultimately is motivated to defend and preserve human rights, and human dignity. Has an interest in an assortment of global interests, and fairness to nations other than their own and it's allies. This person would have respect for fellow human beings, regardless of race, gender, religion, or nationality, and works to protect the world from degradation.Requirement 2) â€Å"How does one become a United States citizen, and what are the rights, duties and obligations of these citizens, and two other countries? † United States: 1. Are at least 18 years old and a lawful permanent resident (â€Å"green card† holder); 2. Have resided continuously in the United States, having been lawfully admitted for permanent residence, for five years immediately prec eding the date you filed your application for naturalization, or 3. Have, after having been removed from conditional permanent resident status, based upon your marriage to a U.S. citizen, having resided in the United States for one year after the date the condition was removed; 4. Have resided continuously in the United States at all times after your application to the time and date of your admission for citizenship; 5. Have, during all periods of time referred to above, been and still are a person of good moral character; 6. Have no outstanding deportation or removal order and no pending deportation or removal proceeding; 7. Have the ability to read, write, speak, and understand simple words and phrases in English; 8.Have knowledge and understanding of the fundamentals of U. S. history and government; 9. Are attached to, and can support, the principles of the U. S. Constitution and can swear allegiance to the United States. Iran: 1. the applicant should be 18 years old. 2. Five yea rs of consecutive or alternate residence in Iran is required. 3. The applicants should have served their military service. 4. The applicants should not be convicts of any major crime or non-political offense in any country.Of course, given the revision of the nation's Penal Code and the elimination of such terms as offense and crime, Paragraph 4 of the Civil Code Article 979 should likewise be revised. It should be noted, however, that the government might refrain from granting Iranian citizenship to aliens either on account of political reasons or for the protection of national security. The admission of such applications might, therefore, require the Cabinet's approval. Switzerland: Naturalization Swiss citizenship can be acquired through what is called naturalization.To become naturalized, you need to have resided in Switzerland for at least twelve years, three of which occurred within the five years prior to the request. Time spent in Switzerland between the ages of 10 and 20 ye ars counts double. The request is to be made to the Aliens Police in the municipality of residence. From there, it will then be sent to the Federal Department of Justice and Police, who will give a principle authorization if the following conditions are met: You are integrated in the Swiss community. You are accustomed to Swiss way of life and practices.You comply with the Swiss legal system. You in no way compromise the internal or external security of Switzerland. Since Switzerland is a federal country, authorization must then be obtained from the canton and the municipality. The canton and municipality of residence can add further conditions and set the cost of acquiring citizenship before approving it. Conditions vary greatly from one region to the next. Some municipalities apply rather open policies, while others will go as far as granting nationality by means of a local population vote.Cost also varies according to municipality and canton. Requirement 3) Current Event: Syrian Civil War Excerpt from CNN â€Å"The Syrian regime, led by President Bashar al-Assad, launched a violent crackdown last year on activists demanding more economic prosperity, political freedom and civil liberties. This sparked a nationwide uprising and eventually a civil war with armed rebels, many of whom defected from the military. As of July, the conflict had claimed an estimated 17,000 lives, mostly civilians, according to the United Nations.And more than 170,000 people have fled the Middle East nation to seek refuge in neighboring countries such as Iraq, Jordan and Turkey. â€Å" Requirement 3A) â€Å"How a foreign country (France) is a global provider and it’s economy and global relations† Geography: The European portion of France, excluding islands and overseas territories is 211,209 sq miles. Natural Resources: Are limited, and most are either nearly exhausted, or very hard to obtain, Coal, Iron Ore, Bauxite, and small portions of Uranium.Climate Influence: Th e north and northwest have a temperate climate, while a combination of maritime influences, latitude and altitude produce a varied climate in the rest of Metropolitan France. In the south-east a Mediterranean climate prevails. In the west, the climate is predominantly oceanic with a high level of rainfall, mild winters and cool to warm summers, along with the very fertile soil, provides a very good growing season, and allows for the growing of many forests, and tourist attractions. Inland the climate becomes more continental with hot, stormy summers, colder winters and less rain.The climate of the Alps and other mountainous regions is mainly alpine, with the number of days with temperatures below freezing over 150 per year and snow cover lasting for up to six months. Global Partnerships: a leading member of the International Francophone Organization (OIF) of fifty-one fully or partly French-speaking countries, and World Trade Organization. Requirement 4C) â€Å"What do the U. N and the World Court do for the world? † U. N: Is an international organization who aims for facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace.World Court: Its main functions are to settle legal disputes submitted to it by sovereign states and to provide opinions on legal questions submitted to it by international agencies. Requirement 5) Previously Discussed. Requirement 6) â€Å"How is government represented abroad? And how is the U. S accredited to international organizations? † A government is recognized through embassies and consulates in all nations with which they have diplomatic relations. The United States government has been accredited to international organizations by signing into organizations and becoming an official member.They participate in the happenings of the many different organizations and do their best to help whatever cause the organization is prom oting. Requirement 7) To Be Discussed. Democratic Republic(USA)- Star Communist (North Korea, China, Vietnam)-Equal Sign Dictatorship (Cuba, Venezuela) -â€Å"No† Symbol Monarchy (Saudi Arabia, Monaco) -X Theocracy (Iran) -Sun Democratic Republic(USA)- Star Communist (North Korea, China, Vietnam)-Equal Sign Dictatorship (Cuba, Venezuela) -â€Å"No† Symbol Monarchy (Saudi Arabia, Monaco) -X Theocracy (Iran) -Sun